VoIP is a revolutionary invention that allows you to make free or very cheap local, long distance and international calls. You might have some questions in your mind like how does VoIP work, what are the benefits of VoIP.
VoIP Relationship with Computers and Networks.
Put VoIP aside for now and let’s start learning about computer networking, you may have heard of computers, networks, switches, and wireless networks. Computers communicate with each other through a bundle of copper wires, fiber optic cables, and wireless spectrum waves. Computer communication takes place in the form of data. For example, if you are sending an email to someone, that email is converted into data packets that are transmitted through the network of computers, switches and routers and when the transmitted packets reach their destination, they are converted back into data packets. email. This entire process takes less than a few milliseconds to complete. This is how the communication of a computer network is carried out.
VoIP is very similar to computer data communication in nature, therefore it is important that you understand how the computer data network works.
How does VoIP work and how is a VoIP call transmitted over data networks?
Now that we have figured out how the computer data network works, it will be easier for us to understand how VoIP works. VoIP stands for (Voice over Internet Protocol), VoIP calls feel and sound just like a standard PSTN call. The only difference is that VoIP calls are transmitted over computer data networks instead of PSTN exchanges.
When we make a VoIP call, a communication channel is established between the caller and the called party over IP (Internet Protocol) running over computer data networks. A telephone conversation that takes place via VoIP is converted into real-time binary data packet streams and transmitted over the data network. When these data packets reach the destination, they become a standard telephone conversation again. This entire process of converting voice to data, transmitting, and converting data to subsequent voice conversation takes place in less than a few milliseconds. This is how a VoIP call over data networks works. I hope you now understand the basics of how a VoIP call is made.
What are voice codecs and what role does the codec play in VoIP?
The voice codec plays a vital role in VoIP and the codec determines the quality and cost of the call. Let me explain what exactly VoIP codecs are and how they work. You may have heard of data compression, or you’ve probably heard of the air compressor that compresses a volume of air in a closed container. VoIP codecs are not unlike an air compressor. The voice codec compresses the voice into data packets and decompresses it upon arrival at the destination. Some VoIP codecs can compress a large amount of voice while maintaining QoS, which means that using this type of codec will cost less because it will consume only a fraction of the data network. Some codecs are simply not capable of encoding a large amount of speech, they simply consume a large amount of bandwidth from data networks, thus increasing the cost.
The following is a list of VoIP codecs along with the amount of data network bandwidth they consume.
* AMR codec
* 16 Kbps narrowband and 32 Kbps wideband BroadVoice codec
* GIPS Family – 13.3 Kbps and up
* GSM – 13 Kbps (full speed), 20 ms frame size
* iLBC: 15 Kbps, 20 ms frame size: 13.3 Kbps, 30 ms frame size
* ITU G.711 – 64 Kbps, based on samples Also known as alaw/ulaw
* ITU G.722 – 48/56/64 Kbps ADPCM 7Khz audio bandwidth
* ITU G.722.1 – 24/32 Kbps 7Khz audio bandwidth (based on Polycom’s SIREN codec)
* ITU G.722.1C – 32 Kbps, a Polycom extension, 14Khz audio bandwidth
* ITU G.722.2 – 6.6Kbps to 23.85Kbps. Also known as AMR-WB. CELP Audio Bandwidth 7Khz
* ITU G.723.1 – 5.3/6.3 Kbps, 30 ms frame size
* ITU G.726 – 16/24/32/40Kbps
* ITU G.728 – 16Kbps
* ITU G.729 – 8 Kbps, 10 ms frame size
* Speex – 2.15 at 44.2 Kbps
* LPC10 – 2.5Kbps
* Department of Defense CELP – 4.8 Kbps
What are VoIP Devices, VoIP Phones and VoIP PBX?
VoIP devices are mini computers, they contain CPU, memory (RAM), ROM, software, operating systems, voice codecs, and are customized to work as VoIP devices. These devices are responsible for converting the voice conversation into data streams, data compression, decompression, transmission, ringtones, bells, and so on. To use VoIP devices, you will need to connect your standard PSTN or cordless phone to make and receive calls.
VoIP phones are no different than a VoIP device, they contain a VoIP device plus a built-in phone, as explained above, VoIP phone also contains CPU, memory (RAM), ROM, software, O/S, and codecs. Some VoIP phones also contain an LCD screen that you can use as an Internet browser.
VoIP PBX (Private Branch Exchange) are mini telephone exchanges, VoIP PBX is a complete computer server type hardware containing OS, FXS, FXO, T1, PRI, E1 and various other telecommunication interfaces. Many VoIP PBXs also contain all of the voice codecs mentioned above that can be selected as preferred codecs. VoIP PBX can provide hundreds of features and extensions. To learn more about VoIP PBX, please read the last paragraph of this article.
What role does the VoIP provider play?
VoIP providers play a vital role in provisioning your Internet phone service. They are responsible for terminating your voice calls to different VoIP and PSTN networks. VoIP providers have agreements and arrangements with other VoIP service providers around the world in different countries to exchange, terminate and originate VoIP and PSTN calls. Some VoIP providers will allow you to make unlimited free calls for a fixed amount of money.
To find out which VoIP service provider best suits your needs, visit the following website. VoIPBazar.com
What features are available with VoIP Technologies?
ADSI On-Screen Menu System
alarm receiver
add message
authentication
Automated attendant
black lists
blind transfer
call detail records
Call forwarding on busy
Call forwarding if you don’t answer
call forwarding variable
call monitoring
call park
call queue
call recording
call recovery
Call routing (DID and ANI)
call spying
call transfer
Call waiting
caller id
Caller ID Blocking
Caller ID on call waiting
calling cards
conference bridge
Store/Retrieve database
Database integration
dial by name
Direct access to the internal system
hallmark ring
Distributed Universal Number Discovery
Do not bother
E911
ENUM
Fax transmission and reception (3rd party OSS package)
Flexible extension logic
interactive directory listing
Interactive Voice Response (IVR)
Local and remote call agents
macros
music on hold
Music transfer:
– Flexible Mp3 based system
– Random or linear game
-Volume control
predictive dialer
Privacy
Open Settlement Protocol (OSP)
aerial paging
protocol conversion
Remote call pickup
remote office support
roaming extensions
Route by caller ID
SMS messaging
spell/say
Access to streaming media
supervised transfer
conversation detection
Text to speech (via Festival)
three way call
time and date
transcoding
canalization
VoIP gateways
Voicemail:
– Visual message waiting indicator
– stutter dial tone for message waiting
– Voicemail to email
– Voicemail groups
– Web voicemail interface
Shoemaker
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